Bladder stone disease in children: clinical studies.

One hundred eighty children with bladder stone disease (BSD) and 50 normal children were studied between July 1979 and June 1982. The peak age group in BSD children was between 2-4 years and the male to female ratio was 9:1. Hospital reporting of stone formers showed no significant relationship to mean monthly temperature or relative humidity.Painful micturition was the commonest clinical presentation (71.7%). Twenty patients had associated renal disease and associated upper tract calculi were not commonly seen (3.3%). Radiology provided definitive diagnosis of bladder stones in 95% patients. One hundred fifty eight stone formers underwent operative procedures for removal of stones. The occurrence of complications was significantly higher in children with co-existing urinary tract infection. Operative mortality was 0.6%. In 61% BSD children the probable etiological factors predisppsing to stone formation could not be detected. On follow-up the recurrence rate was found to be 1.l%.(JPMA 34:94,1984).